Atherinomorus lacunosus (Forster, 1801)

Description


Dorsal spines (total): 5 - 8; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9 - 10; Anal spines: 1; Anal soft rays: 12 - 17; Vertebrae: 43 - 44. This species is distinguished by the following characters: lateral process of premaxilla very low and wide; upper margin of the dentary almost flat distally, no distinct tubercle at the posterior end; posterior tip of the upper jaw reaching to or beyond a vertical through anterior margin of the pupil, sometimes reaching to the center of pupil; small teeth on endopterygoids, not forming obvious ridges; the anus is near or usually behind the posterior tip of the pelvic fin; lower gill rakers 18-24; midlateral scale count 40-44; lower margin of midlateral band reaching below ventral end of the midlateral (third) scale row and reaching to almost the center of the fourth scale row at level of the anal fin origin (Ref. 58474).

Common Names


  • Klipkop-spierinkie , Afrikaans , South Africa
  • Abou zoubara , Arabic , Egypt
  • Balema , Arabic , Jordan
  • Cachcouch , Arabic , Egypt
  • Cheschusu , Arabic , Oman
  • Machoos , Arabic , Oman
  • Mankoos , Arabic , Qatar
  • Manshus , Arabic , Global
  • Sheschusu , Arabic , Oman
  • Gono , Cebuano , Philippines
  • Gunuh , Chavacano , Philippines
  • Quidzi , Comorian , Comoros
  • Lamame , Creole, French , Mauritius
  • Prètre , Creole, French , Mauritius
  • Bredhovedet stribefisk , Danish , Denmark
  • Guno , Davawenyo , Philippines
  • Broad-banded hardyhead , English , Papua New Guinea
  • Broad-banded silverside , English , India
  • Capricorn hardyhead , English , Australia
  • Hardyhead , English , Samoa
  • Hardyhead silverside , English , Australia
  • Hardyhead silverside , English , Guam
  • Hardyhead silverside , English , Malaysia
  • Hardyhead silverside , English , Micronesia
  • Hardyhead silverside , English , Philippines
  • Hardyhead silverside , English , Viet Nam
  • Hardyhead silverside , English , South Africa
  • Hardyhead silverside , English , UK
  • Hardyhead silverside , English , Global
  • Pitted hardyhead , English , Australia
  • Robust hardyhead , English , Australia
  • Robust hardyhead , English , Indonesia
  • Robust hardyhead , English , Malaysia
  • Robust silverside , English , UK
  • Sandsmelt , English , Hong Kong
  • Silverside , English , Hong Kong
  • Slender hardyhead , English , Australia
  • Whitebait , English , Hong Kong
  • Wide-banded hardyhead silverside , English , Japan
  • Sarā , Fijian , Fiji
  • Athérine têtue , French , Global
  • Croissant queue jaune , French , New Caledonia
  • Petre , French , Seychelles
  • Petre longue , French , Seychelles
  • Prêtre , French , New Caledonia
  • Saumonée hirondelle , French , New Caledonia
  • Kooin , Fwâi (Also used in Nemi) , New Caledonia
  • Kefaloatherina , Greek , Greece
  • Κεφαλοαθερίνα , Greek , Greece
  • Iao , Hawaiian , Hawaii
  • Dagubdub , Hiligaynon , Philippines
  • Guno , Hiligaynon , Philippines
  • Tambarasang , Hiligaynon , Philippines
  • Ti-i , Ilokano , Philippines
  • Togoro-iwashi , Japanese , Japan
  • Yakushima-iwashi , Japanese , Japan
  • Kooyin , Jawe , New Caledonia
  • Uat , Kumak (Nenema) , New Caledonia
  • Urat , Kumak (Nenema) , New Caledonia
  • Ikan paku , Malay , Malaysia
  • Kepala batu , Malay , Indonesia
  • Paku , Malay , Malaysia
  • Paku perak , Malay , Malaysia
  • Rennyau , Malay , Malaysia
  • Renyau , Malay , Malaysia
  • Thalayil-kallan , Malayalam , India
  • Tholiyan , Malayalam , India
  • തലയില് കല്ലന് , Malayalam , India
  • തോലിയന് , Malayalam , India
  • Fitham , Maldivian , India
  • 南洋銀漢魚 , Mandarin Chinese , Taiwan/Ch Taipei
  • 南洋银汉鱼 , Mandarin Chinese , China
  • 卡普里角美銀漢魚 , Mandarin Chinese , China
  • 卡普里角美银汉鱼 , Mandarin Chinese , China
  • 大眼銀漢魚 , Mandarin Chinese , China
  • 大眼银汉鱼 , Mandarin Chinese , China
  • 莫氏柔銀漢魚 , Mandarin Chinese , China
  • 莫氏柔银汉鱼 , Mandarin Chinese , China
  • 蓝美银汉鱼 , Mandarin Chinese , China
  • 藍美銀漢魚 , Mandarin Chinese , China
  • Guno , Maranao/Samal/Tao Sug (Tao Sug) , Philippines
  • Korker , Marshallese , Marshall Is.
  • Tel , Marshallese , Marshall Is.
  • Mii-yaa , Numee (Nââ Kwênyi) , New Caledonia
  • Chedings , Palauan , Palau
  • Teber , Palauan , Palau
  • Alaneta indyjska , Polish , Poland
  • Rei cabeçudo , Portuguese , Mozambique
  • Sali , Samoan , Samoa
  • Nusiye , Somali , Somalia
  • Pejerrey cabezón , Spanish , Spain
  • Dagaa , Swahili , Tanzania
  • Kuzi , Swahili , Tanzania
  • Mambangumu , Swahili , Tanzania
  • Gono , Tagalog , Philippines
  • Langaray pako , Tagalog , Philippines
  • Mottechi , Tamil , Sri Lanka
  • Mottechi , Tamil , India
  • Motti-kola-kende , Tamil , Sri Lanka
  • Motti-kola-kende , Tamil , India
  • மொட்டச்சீ , Tamil , India
  • மொட்டீ கோலா கெண்டை , Tamil , India
  • மொட்டச்சி , Tamil , India
  • மொட்டிகோடை கென்‍டை , Tamil , India
  • Gümüş balığı , Turkish , Turkey
  • Cá Suốt mắt to , Vietnamese , Viet Nam
  • Guno , Waray-waray , Philippines
  • Taxonomic Hierarchy


    Kingdom: Animalia

    Phylum: Chordata

    Class: Teleostei

    Order: Atheriniformes

    Family: Atherinidae

    Genus: Atherinomorus

    Species: Atherinomorus lacunosus (Forster, 1801)

    Climate Zone


  • Subtropical
  • Location


  • Indo-Pacific: from East Africa to Tonga, north to southern Japan, and south to northern Australia; except Andaman Sea. Replaced by Atherinomorus insularum in the Hawaiian Islands (Ref. 37816).
  • Biology


    Common in large schools along sandy shorelines and reef margins. Reported to be mainly a nocturnal species which usually forms schools (from several hundred to more than 100 m long and 20 m wide) (Ref. 9760). Feeds mostly at night when the school disperse. Feeds on a variety of planktonic crustaceans. Preyed upon by sharks, tunas, long toms, and amberjacks which swim alongside the school. Among its other predators are crested terns, gannets, sea-gulls and herons. Slow moving and not well regarded as bait. Extremely important as forage fish for larger species (Ref. 3302). Sold fresh, or salted and dried (Ref. 12484). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 57178.

    Habitat


    freshwater